Multivariate statistical analysis of genetic parameters of cotton genotypes for yield, yield attributes and fiber quality traits

B. AISHWARYA; B. R. PATIL; R. S. PATIL; M. G. HEGDE; M. S. L. RAO

doi:10.61475/JFS.2025.v38i4.09

B. AISHWARYA Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, India
B. R. PATIL Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, India
R. S. PATIL Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, India
M. G. HEGDE Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, India
M. S. L. RAO Department of Plant Pathology College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61475/JFS.2025.v38i4.09

Keywords: Cotton, Genotypic coefficient of variation, Phenotypic coefficient of variation

Abstract

A successful breeding program fundamentally relies on adequate genetic variability within the base population. To explore this, a comprehensive study was conducted at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif 2023. A field trial was conducted to evaluate yield components and fiber traits in eighteen cotton genotypes, with the experimentarranged in a randomized block design containing two replications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated significantdifferences (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) among cotton genotypes across all fourteen measured traits, confirming substantial geneticdiversity. The observed phenotypic variation (PCV) was consistently greater than the genetic variation (GCV), demonstratingthe strong impact of environmental conditions on how traits were expressed. Of particular interest, seed cotton yield perplant uniquely displayed additive gene action, characterized by high heritability and pronounced genetic advance overmean. This finding suggests its suitability for direct selection protocols, positioning it as crucial parameter for populationimprovement strategies.